Mapana Journal of Sciences

In Vitro Study on Cytotoxic and Apoptotic Property of Chrysopogon zizaniodes Root and Acorus calamus Rhizome Extracts Using UMR-106 Bone Cancer Cell Line

2025-10-08T09:18:28+00:00

From the last few years researchers have made lot of efforts to explore anticancer agents from medicinal plants. In the present study, cytotoxic and apoptotic property of Chrysopogon zizaniodes root and Acorus calamus rhizome extracts were evaluated by MTT assay using UMR-106 bone cancer cell lines. The IC₅₀ value of C. zizaniodes and A. calamus was 265.5 µg / ml and 308.7 µg / ml respectively on UMR-106 bone cancer cell line and that of standard doxorubicin was 19.79 µg/ml. As the IC₅₀ value of C. zizaniodes was comparatively less than that of A. calamus, the apoptotic experiment was continued with C. zizaniodes. Treatment of UMR-106 cell line with sample C. zizanioides at 160 µg /ml and 320 µg / ml concentration was known to induce apoptosis.

Temporal Dynamics of Groundwater Quality in the Industrial Belt of Chandrapur, Maharashtra

2025-10-17T05:10:07+00:00

Groundwater is the primary source of drinking and irrigation water for nearly 85% of India’s population, making its quality vital for public health and agricultural sustainability. This study investigates the seasonal variation of groundwater quality in villages situated within the industrial belt of Chandrapur district, Maharashtra, with a particular focus on fluoride contamination. Groundwater samples were collected from deep aquifers at seven sites in Korpana Subdistrict and analyzed for physicochemical parameters such as temperature, pH, total dissolved solids (TDS), electrical conductivity (EC), total hardness, total alkalinity, dissolved oxygen (DO), and fluoride. Fluoride concentrations ranged from 0.80 to 2.50 mg/L, with several summer samples exceeding the World Health Organization (WHO) guideline limit of 1.5 mg/L. Elevated fluoride levels were associated with health risks, including dental fluorosis, skeletal fluorosis, and bone deformities in both children and adults. Seasonal assessment revealed that monsoonal recharge diluted fluoride concentrations, reducing contamination levels. The findings underscore the urgent need for continuous groundwater monitoring supported by sustainable management measures. These include cost-effective defluoridation technologies, promotion of alternative water sources, and community-based awareness initiatives. Together, such efforts are essential to reduce fluoride-related health risks and ensure safe drinking water security in Chandrapur district.

Keywords: Groundwater quality, Fluoride contamination, Seasonal variation, Chandrapur, Public health

Impact of NaCl on the morphology and biochemical aspects of Asian tiger mosquito, Aedes albopictus Skuse (Diptera: Culicidae)

2025-09-12T08:55:50+00:00

The main objective of this investigation is to analyse NaCl-induced morphological and biochemical changes in ¹³Aedes albopictus. Ae. albopictus larvae were treated with distinct concentrations of NaCl to establish morphological as well as biochemical responses.¹L³ arval mortality was recorded after 24-hour exposure period to determine the LC50 value by using Probit Analysis, IBM’s SPSS 29 Programme and Student’s t-test. The NaCl solution caused a notable mortality after 24h experimental period. The LC50 value of NaCl in Ae. albopictus was found to be 1.7% and hence the sub-lethal dose, 1.3% NaCl, was used for further analyses. Morphological studies of eggs and ⁷fourth instar larvae of Ae. albopictus displayed severe morphological alterations in the treated samples as contrasted with those of the untreated groups. In the fourth instar larvae of Ae. albopictus,the total protein, total free amino acid and major¹a²ntioxidant enzymes such as GST and GPx were found to be increased, and³⁸the activities of SOD, CAT and AChE were substantially declined as compared with those of the control group. NaCl adversely affects the growth and development of Ae. albopictus and leads to mortality due to metabolic as well as biochemical imbalances.

Applicability of plant part extracts of Sapindus species towards corrosion inhibition and related sectors - An overview

2025-11-04T09:58:13+00:00

This review initiative had explored the applicability of the extract isolated from various plant parts of Sapindus (S.) species as the potential green corrosion inhibitor (GCI). Additionally, insights on topics like plant extracts in broad, concept of corrosion inhibition by the pool of biomolecules, use of (S.) species plant parts as the extract to retard corrosion of metals/alloys, composition of (S.) species extract, extraction techniques, etc were also covered. This article would form a platform to establish the present global status of (S.) species towards corrosion inhibition filed and related sectors (surfactant based). The favorable functional groups featuring in the biomolecules (having maximum hydrophilic part) along with the dominant inhibitor component (saponins) present in the (S.) extract had assisted the effective inhibition of corrosion in metals/alloys. This behavior of the extract (having the pool of biomolecules) can be attributed to various factors like superior adsorption, firm complexation and impermeable layer development over the surface of metal/alloy. This review initiative can promote the use of (S.) extract in commercial scale to retard the corrosion of various metals/alloys and hence can add financial angle for the cultivators.

Usability of Activated Carbon Charcoal in Automotive Textiles for Car Deodorization: An Overview

2025-09-19T09:19:03+00:00

With the swift progress in the automotive sector and the increase in time spent within vehicles, consumer expectations for cars have increasingly focused on enhanced comfort. Among the participants, 95% factored in in-car air quality when selecting a vehicle, with about half of them considering it an important element in their purchasing decisions. Complaints about in-vehicle odors have long been a primary source of consumer dissatisfaction. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) released from interior materials of vehicles play a major role in forming the overall odor profile. Being exposed to VOCs within vehicles can result in both immediate and long-term health issues, including headaches, eye irritation, dizziness, allergic reactions, and respiratory concerns. Additionally, unpleasant odors may lead to both physiological and psychological challenges, such as stress and changes in mood. As such, the concerns surrounding in-car air quality and undesirable odors remain significant. While deodorizing a car is a technical task, using natural materials like activated carbon charcoal makes it relatively straightforward. Activated charcoal is created by heating charcoal in the presence of a gas, resulting in pores that enhance its ability to adsorb chemicals. Given their small size and low-volume pores, activated carbons are more effective at adsorption compared to absorption due to their increased surface area. Activated charcoal is recognized worldwide as a remedy. It possesses various functional characteristics, including a desirable self-air filtering capacity. In addition to its antimicrobial properties, its ability to reduce odors underscores the importance of activated charcoal in both medical and industrial textiles. This paper highlights the characteristics of activated charcoal and its potential uses to eliminate odors from synthetic textile materials in automotive interiors.

Evaluation of the Chemoinhibitory effects of Some Fruits found in Manipur on Kidney stone in in vitro and comparison of the effects with the herbal drug - Cystone.

2025-11-09T12:52:03+00:00

Now-a-days, most people are concerned about their health. Good health means almost free from all kind of diseases. Among these diseases, kidney stone disease is one of the most common ailments (3^rd place) in the world. The most emerging technique for the treatment of kidney stone is the use of medicinal plants(leaf, fruit, flower, whole plant, etc) because it is more economic and fewer side effect. The present research work is the study of the effects of locally available fruits of Manipur on kidney stones formation(mainly calcium oxalate stone formation) both in the aqueous and urinary media. Fruits are providing antioxidants, antibiotics, antiurolithiatic property, etc. The statistical correlation study report has that when investigating the effect of fruit extract in aqueous and urinary media, a highly significant linear relationship was observed between Inhibition (0.1%) and the concentration of Ca²⁺ in solution (g). However, weak linear relations (P>0.05) were observed between Inhibition (0.1%) and Ca²⁺ in precipitate (g), as well as between the concentration of Ca²⁺ in solution (g) and Ca²⁺ in precipitate (g).Among the fruits studied, Celtis australis has the highest inhibitory effect on calcium oxalate(COX) stone formation in aqueous medium while Citrus latipes has the highest inhibitory effect on COX stone formation in the urinary medium.

Iodinated 4(3IP)BC Coumarin Derivative Dipole Moments by a Solvatochromic Shift Method and DFT Approach

2025-10-08T09:32:12+00:00

Iodinated coumarin derivative 4(3-Iodo-phenoxymethyl)-benzo[h]-chromen-2-one [4(3IP)BC] molecule, which is biologically active in anticancer and anti-tuberculosis properties, was synthesized to study the photophysical properties and the effect of the molecule in polar and nonpolar solvents at room temperature. Experimentally the dipole moments of the ground state and excited state were estimated by the solvatochromic shift method using three independent Lippert’s, Bakhshiev’s, and Kawaski-Chamma-Viallet’s equations. It was found that as the solvent polarity increases, the bathochromic shift occurs, which is a considerable red shift and the excited state dipole moment was greater than that of the ground state dipole moment. The change of dipole moment was 2.43D by the solvatochromic method and 1.49D by the Reichardt microscopic solvent polarity parameter. The solvent effect on spectral characteristics was studied using the Kamlet and Catalan multiple linear regression method. The interactions of the dielectric of the solvent have more influence than hydrogen bonding operations and polarizability, dipolarity and acidity have more influence than basicity. A theoretical computational study was performed with the Gaussian 16W program using the DFT/B3LYP approach. The HOMO-LUMO energies, ESP maps, Mulliken atomic charges, and nonlinear optical properties of the molecule were studied with optimized geometry. The UV-visible spectra with solvents were estimated using TD-DFT and the change in dipole moments was confirms with experimental value.

Mapping Shockley-Read-Hall (SRH) lifetimes with differential photo conductance in Gallium Arsenide solar cells: effect of absorber thickness and electron hole lifetime asymmetry

2025-09-30T06:58:11+00:00

Recombination degrades a solar cell. Shockley-Read-Hall (SRH) recombination occurs in a solar cell due to the presence of defects. Defects control the lifetime of electrons and holes, and in a good solar cell these lifetimes should be as high as possible. Thus, it is a priority to know the SRH lifetimes in a working solar cell with good precision. Only if the lifetimes are measured properly can a protocol on how to increase them by minimizing the defects be followed. Standard methods are available which extracts SRH lifetimes from solar cell test structures. In this work, we use a method which is less costly and complex and applies to solar cells directly rather than test structures. In a GaAs PIN solar cell, we study how a varying absorber thickness and electron hole lifetime asymmetry affect this method, and we suggest a way to read the SRH lifetimes from graphs of simply processed experimental data. A method to find the SRH lifetime for any absorber thickness between 1–100 μm is proposed.

Neutrosophic Nano Extremal Disconnectedness

2025-05-27T06:14:07+00:00

This paper delves into the exploration of extremally disconnected spaces within the context of neutrosophic nano topological space. It introduces a novel space termed neutrosophic nano mixed space, created through the fusion of neutrosophic nano minimal structure and neutrosophic nano topology. The primary objective is to investigate extremal disconnectedness within this new space, shedding light on its properties and implications. Furthermore, the research examines the characterization of various types of open sets within the neutrosophic nano mixed space. As an extension, we gave a bio-mathematical application of neutrosophic nano extremal disconnectedness.