Mapana Journal of Sciences

In Vitro Study on Cytotoxic and Apoptotic Property of Chrysopogon zizaniodes Root and Acorus calamus Rhizome Extracts Using UMR-106 Bone Cancer Cell Line

Mohan Kumar H. M. — 2025-12-02

From the last few years researchers have made lot of efforts to explore anticancer agents from medicinal plants. In the present study, cytotoxic and apoptotic property of Chrysopogon zizaniodes root and Acorus calamus rhizome extracts were evaluated by MTT assay using UMR-106 bone cancer cell lines. The IC₅₀ value of C. zizaniodes and A. calamus were 265.5 µg/ml and 308.7 µg/ml respectively on UMR-106 bone cancer cell line and that of standard doxorubicin was 19.79 µg/ml. As the IC₅₀ value of C. zizaniodes was comparatively less than that of A. calamus, the apoptotic experiment was continued with C. zizaniodes. The treatment of sample C. zizanioides with the concentration of 160 µg/ml and 320 µg/ml was known to induce the apoptosis in UMR-106 cell line.

Evaluation of the Chemoinhibitory effects of Some Fruits found in Manipur on Kidney stone in in vitro and comparison of the effects with the herbal drug - Cystone.

Ibopishak Singh Oinam — 2025-12-01

Now-a-days, most people are concerned about their health. Good health means almost free from all kind of diseases. Among these diseases, kidney stone disease is one of the most common ailments (3^rd place) in the world. The most emerging technique for the treatment of kidney stone is the use of medicinal plants(leaf, fruit, flower, whole plant, etc) because it is more economic and fewer side effect. The present research work is the study of the effects of locally available fruits of Manipur on kidney stones formation(mainly calcium oxalate stone formation) both in the aqueous and urinary media. Fruits are providing antioxidants, antibiotics, antiurolithiatic property, etc. The statistical correlation study report has that when investigating the effect of fruit extract in aqueous and urinary media, a highly significant linear relationship was observed between Inhibition (0.1%) and the concentration of Ca²⁺ in solution (g). However, weak linear relations (P>0.05) were observed between Inhibition (0.1%) and Ca²⁺ in precipitate (g), as well as between the concentration of Ca²⁺ in solution (g) and Ca²⁺ in precipitate (g).Among the fruits studied, Celtis australis has the highest inhibitory effect on calcium oxalate(COX) stone formation in aqueous medium while Citrus latipes has the highest inhibitory effect on COX stone formation in the urinary medium.

Iodinated 4(3IP)BC Coumarin Derivative Dipole Moments by a Solvatochromic Shift Method and DFT Approach

Manjula Katageri — 2025-12-01

Iodinated coumarin derivative 4(3-Iodo-phenoxymethyl)-benzo[h]-chromen-2-one [4(3IP)BC] a biologically active molecule was synthesized and studied for the effect of pure solvents in ambient conditions. Experimentally, the dipole moments of the excited state and ground state were estimated by the solvatochromic shift method using three independent Lippert’s, Bakhshiev’s and Kawaski-Chamma-Viallet’s equations. The results show the dipole moments of a molecule in excited states were higher than that of the ground state. The dipole moment change was determined by the Reichardt microscopic solvent polarity parameter. A computational study was performed with the Gaussian 16W program using DFT/B3LY approach. The HOMO-LUMO energies, ESP maps, Mulliken atomic charges, and nonlinear optical properties of the molecule were studied with the optimized geometry of the molecule, and the UV-visible spectra with solvents were estimated theoretically.

Mapping Shockley-Read-Hall (SRH) lifetimes with differential photo conductance in GaAs PIN solar cells: effect of absorber thickness and electron hole lifetime asymmetry

Aditya Narayan Roy Choudhury — 2025-12-01

Recombination degrades a solar cell. Shockley-Read-Hall (SRH) recombination occurs in a solar cell due to the presence of defects. Defects control the lifetime of electrons and holes, and in a good solar cell these lifetimes should be as high as possible. Thus, it is a priority to know the SRH lifetimes in a working solar cell with good precision. Only if the lifetimes are measured properly a protocol to how to increase them by minimizing the defects can be followed. Standard methods are available which extracts SRH lifetimes from solar cell test structures. In this work, we use a method which is less costly and complex and applies to solar cells directly rather than test structures. In a GaAs PIN solar cell, we study how a varying absorber thickness and electron hole lifetime asymmetry affect this method, and we suggest a way to read the SRH lifetimes from graphs of simply processed experimental data. A method to find the SRH lifetime for any absorber thickness between 1–100 μm is proposed.

Usability of Activated Carbon Charcoal in Automotive Textiles for Car Deodorization: An Overview

K. Sangeetha — 2025-12-01

According to the automotive industry, synthetic textile materials derived from many sources are the primary cause of car odours. Although car deodorization is a technical procedure, natural ingredients like activated carbon charcoal make it simple to apply. Natural sources of activated carbon charcoal include organic materials such as coconut shell. Activated charcoal typically has pores created by heating the charcoal while a gas is present. These holes aid in the chemical sorption of activated charcoal. Because of their small size and low-volume pores, which enhance surface area, activated carbons differ from absorption in efficient adsorption. In this review, we provide the methods and applications that can be utilized to get rid of odours from synthetic textile materials in car furnishing.

Impact of NaCl on the morphology and biochemical aspects of Asian tiger mosquito, Aedes albopictus Skuse (Diptera: Culicidae).

Neethu Karan Puthenkandathil — 2025-12-01

The main objective of this study is to analyse NaCl-induced morphological and biochemical changes in Aedes albopictus. Ae. albopictus larvae were treated with different concentrations of NaCl to establish morphological as well as biochemical responses. Larval mortality was recorded after 24-hour treatment to determine the LC₅₀value by using Probit Analysis. The NaCl solution caused a notable mortality after 24h experimental period. The LC₅₀ value of NaCl in Ae. albopictus was found to be 1.7%. Morphological studies of eggs and fourth instar larvae of Ae. albopictus displayed severe morphological alterations in the treated samples. In the fourth instar larvae of Ae. albopictus, the total protein, total free amino acid, and major antioxidant enzymes such as GST and GPx were found to be increased, and the activities of SOD, CAT, and AChE were substantially reduced as compared with those of the control group. NaCl exerts its negative impact on the growth and development of Ae. albopictus and leads to mortality due to metabolic as well as biochemical imbalances.

Neutrosophic Nano Extremal Disconnectedness

K. Eswari — 2025-12-01

This paper delves into the exploration of extremally disconnected spaces within the context of neutrosophic nano topological space. It introduces a novel space termed neutrosophic nano mixed space, created through the fusion of neutrosophic nano minimal structure and neutrosophic nano topology. The primary objective is to investigate extremal disconnectedness within this new space, shedding light on its properties and implications. Furthermore, the research examines the characterization of various types of open sets within the neutrosophic nano mixed space. As an extension, we gave a bio-mathematical application of neutrosophic nano extremal disconnectedness.

Temporal Dynamics of Groundwater Quality in the Industrial Belt of Chandrapur, Maharashtra

Dipti Gopal Iyer — 2025-12-01

Groundwater is the primary source of drinking and irrigation water for nearly 85% of India’s population, making its quality vital for public health and agricultural sustainability. This study investigates the seasonal variation of groundwater quality in villages situated within the industrial belt of Chandrapur district, Maharashtra, with a particular focus on fluoride contamination. Groundwater samples were collected from deep aquifers at seven sites in Korpana Subdistrict and analyzed for physicochemical parameters such as temperature, pH, total dissolved solids (TDS), electrical conductivity (EC), total hardness, total alkalinity, dissolved oxygen (DO), and fluoride. Fluoride concentrations ranged from 0.80 to 2.50 mg/L, with several summer samples exceeding the World Health Organization (WHO) guideline limit of 1.5 mg/L. Elevated fluoride levels were associated with health risks, including dental fluorosis, skeletal fluorosis, and bone deformities in both children and adults. Seasonal assessment revealed that monsoonal recharge diluted fluoride concentrations, reducing contamination levels. The findings underscore the urgent need for continuous groundwater monitoring supported by sustainable management measures. These include cost-effective defluoridation technologies, promotion of alternative water sources, and community-based awareness initiatives. Together, such efforts are essential to reduce fluoride-related health risks and ensure safe drinking water security in Chandrapur district.

Keywords: Groundwater quality, Fluoride contamination, Seasonal variation, Chandrapur, Public health