Mapana Journal of Sciences

A Potential impact of glyphosate on morpho-behavioural changes, antioxidant system and lipid peroxidation products in the epigeic earthworm, Eudrilus eugeniae.

Lekshmi Priya R — Sat, 14 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Abstract

The flora and fauna of soil ecosystem are negatively impacted by the repeated use of chemical pesticides in agricultural fields. Over time, there has been significant concern over the use of glyphosate-based herbicides worldwide and the release of glyphosate residues into the soil environment. This intentional discharge of pesticides into the soil environment highlights the urgent need to track the herbicides' ecotoxicological risk assessment and lessen any potential negative effects. From this view point, the present study investigates the toxic effects of herbicide glyphosate on the earthworm, Eudrilus eugeniae. The non-enzymatic antioxidant, glutathione and the hepatic antioxidant enzymes, SOD, CAT, GST and GPx in the epigeic earthworm. The outcomes showed that the activities of these biomarkers were strongly impacted by the sublethal exposure of glyphosate. Exposure also changed levels of LPO products, including conjugate diene and malondialdehyde.

Physical, Structural, Thermal, electrical and dielectric investigations on Li2O doped Borosilicate Glasses

Aravind Dyama, T Sankarappa, Pallavi Jamadar, Mohansingh Heerasingh, R Ramanna — Sat, 14 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Li₂O doped borosilicate glasses were prepared. They were confirmed to be non-crystalline. Measured density is in the range 1.904 and 2.304 g/cm³ and increased with Li₂O content. FTIR spectra revealed functional groups. Thermal properties were determined from DTA traces. DC conductivity is found increasing with temperature and Li₂O content. Mott’s polaron hopping models were used to understand conductivity changes with temperature. Activation energy for conduction varied positively with Li₂O. The number of electronic states per unit volume around Fermi energy was found to vary from 10³¹ to 10³⁴ ev^-1m^-3. Dielectric parameters were measured over a wide range of temperature and frequency. Dielectric parameters decreased with frequency and increased with temperature. Analysis of electric modulus indicated the nature of conducting phase. In this paper, borosilicate systems mixed with CoO and Li₂O were thoroughly investigated for physical, thermal, conduction mechanisms and dialectical properties.

Optimization of Single-Seller Multi-item in Multiple Outlets Distribution Network Fuzzy Inventory System with Lead Time and Carbon Emission Cost

R. Vithyadevi, K. Annadurai — Sat, 14 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Managing multiple products across various locations reduces total costs through consolidated replenishment. This strategy reduces ordering costs because fewer transactions result in better pricing. It also reduces shipping costs by using combined shipments to minimize transportation expenses. The objective is currently inaccurate due to several variables that are not well-defined. Hexagonal fuzzy numbers are utilized in this model to account for the uncertain nature of buyer and supplier parameters. Optimizing the fuzzy objective function is challenging because its output value remains uncertain. The model is solved using the alpha cut technique combined with the Lagrangian method, while the fuzzy counterparts of the remaining constraints are available. An algorithm is developed to determine the optimum order size for each item at every outlet. This approach simultaneously minimizes the joined entire price for the entire inventory system. Evaluation of fuzzy multi-item in multi-outlet distribution network inventory system against crisp multi-item in multi-outlet distribution network inventory system is concluded with numerical illustrations. Finally, graphical representations of the proposed system's performance are provided. This fuzzy inventory framework is effective in optimizing results for multi-item across various outlets.

Electrochemically active chitosan loaded PbS NPs with effective degradation against methylene blue dye and E.coli bacteria disinfection

Sat, 14 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This paper reports the photocatalytic, electrochemical and antibacterial properties of cubic crystal structured pure PbS and chitosan, a cationic polymer loaded PbS NPs synthesized by chemical precipitation method. Chitosan loading decreased the crystallite size of pure PbS from 34 to 27 nm. The occurance of п-plasmon with chitosan loading shifted the absorption edge of pure PbS to higher wavelength side and decreased the band gap from 1.94 to 1.87 eV. PbS’s degradation efficiency against MB dye under visible light with chitosan loading increased from 83.2 to 92 % and the degradation rate constants were 0.0178 and 0.0241 min^-1 respectively for pure PbS and chitosan loaded PbS NPs. Specific capacitance of pure PbS increased from 71.3 to 97.8 F/g with chitosan loading due to the synergetic effect between PbS and chitosan bio-polymer. With the presence of free hydroxyl groups in chitosan, more ROS are generated in the chitosan loaded PbS NPs resulting in enhanced antibacterial activity.

QRMHF-DNK: Hybrid Optimization and Deep Kernel Approach for Fake News Detection

K Saritha Devi, M. Chidambaram — Sat, 14 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

In this study, QRMHF-DNK (Quasi Reflection Metropolis Hasting Firefly- Deep Neural Kernel), a hybrid framework is designed to improve fake news detection on benchmark datasets. The framework integrates three main stages: data preprocessing to reduce sampling errors, feature selection using a swarm-based optimization strategy, and classification using a deep neural kernel model. This combination enables effective handling of high-dimensional textual data while accurately identifying informative features for classification. The proposed framework was evaluated on a publicly available Kaggle fake news dataset and compared with existing cooperative and multilingual deep learning methods. Experimental results show that QRMHF-DNK achieves a precision of 0.98 and recall of 0.95, with a sampling error of 0.0671%, indicating that the sampled data closely represents the true class distribution. These results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach on the evaluated dataset and suggest its potential applicability to fake news detection tasks, while further validation on additional datasets is left for future work.

Comparative studies of photophysical properties of Indole molecules

Vijayalaxmi Mallayya — Sat, 14 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

In this study, we present a comparative investigation of 5-methyl-3-phenyl-1H-indole-2-carbohydrazide and 5-chloro-3-phenyl-1H-indole-2-carbohydrazide. The work includes molecular structure determination, UV–visible spectral analysis, and evaluation of ¹H and ¹³C NMR chemical shift values. The influence of pure solvents on the spectral characteristics was analysed using solvatochromic theories. Ground- and excited-state dipole moments were calculated using the solvatochromic method. The higher excited-state dipole moment values and the observed redshifts in the emission spectra confirm that the singlet excited state exhibits intramolecular charge-transfer (ICT) character. Theoretical studies were performed using density functional theory (DFT) at the CAM-B3LYP/6-31+G(d,p) level with Gaussian software. The HOMO and LUMO energies, along with the global chemical reactivity descriptors (GCRD), were evaluated using the DFT/B3LYP/6-311+G(d,p) level of theory. Additionally, molecular electrostatic potential (MEP) maps were constructed to determine the region’s most susceptible to electrophilic and nucleophilic attack. The experimentally measured ground-state dipole moments (1.67 D and 13.1 D) were found to be higher than the corresponding theoretical values (1.11 D and 6.44 D).