Published 2021-08-28
Copyright (c) 2017
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Abstract
Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and Liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS) were used to evaluate the level of different pesticides in some commonly used fruits in Bengaluru region of Karnataka. Although most fruits and vegetable samples analyzed were found to be contaminated with pesticide residues, they were under maximum residue limit (MRL) after the salted water wash. Samples with residues above MRL may pose health hazards to the consumers. It may be due to lack of awareness of the farmers about the application dose, method of application and withholding period. The findings of this study provide important data about contamination of pesticide residue in some fruits and vegetables sold in Bengaluru.
References
[2] A.R. Fernndez-Alba and J.F. Garca-Reyes, “Large-scale multi-residue methods for pesticides and their degradation products in food by advanced LC-MS”, Trac-Trend. Anal. Chem., 27 (11), 973-990, 2008.
[3] H. Liu, J. Ru, J. Qu, R. Dai, Z. Wang, and C. Hu, “Removal of persistent organic pollutants from micro-polluted drinking water by triolein embedded absorbent,” Bioresource Technology, vol. 100, no. 12, 2995–3002, 2009.
[4] H. Bergmann, G. Engelhardt, D. Martin, H.J. Mengs, D. Otto, R. Richter, U. Schoknecht and P. R. Wallnofer, “Degradation of pesticide, desiccation and defoliation, ach-receptors as targets”. In Chemistry of Plant Protection, Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg. Germany, 1989.
[5] C.H. Wang and C . Liu, “Dissipation of organochlorine insecticide residues in the environment of Taiwan, (1973-1999)”, J. Food Drug Anal. 8: 149-158, 2000.
[6] M. C. Bruzzoniti, C. Sarzanini, G. Costantino, and M. Fungi, “Determination of herbicides by solid phase extraction gas chromatography-mass spectrometry in drinking waters”, Analytica Chimica Acta, vol. 578, no. 2, 241–249, 2006.
[7] L.H.L.F. Choy and S. Seeneevassen, “Monitoring insecticide residues in vegetables and fruits at the market level”, AMAS Food and Agricultural Resistance Council., Reduit, Mauritius, vol. 98, 95-102, 1998.
[8] L. Chensheng, “Organic Diets Significantly Lower Children's Dietory Exposure to Organophosphorus Pesticides”, Environmental Health Perspectives, 114, 260-263, 2006.
[9] F.M. Fishel, “Evaluation of Pesticides for Carcinogenic Potential”, Document No. PI-37, University of Florida (2005).
[10] C. Price, “Implications of pesticide residues in inter-rated ditch-duke farming systems of Central Thailand”, Aquiculture News, vol. 32, p. 23, 2008.
[11] Z. Hussain and S. Siddique, “Determination of Pesticides in Fruits and Vegetables using Acetonitrile Extraction and GC/MS Technique”, J.Sci. Res., No. 2, 2010.
[12] S. Lopez-mahia, P. Prada Rodriguez, D. Fernandez Fernandez Microwave- Assisted Extraction versus Soxhlet Extraction in the Analysis of 21 Organochlorine Pesticides in Plants. In International J. Envi. and Anal. Chem., vol. 85, p. 325–333, 2005.
[13] FAO, “Agriculture towards (2010),” in Proceedings of the 27th Session of the FAO Conference, Rome, Italy, C 93/24, 1993.
[14] M. F. Iqbal, U. Maqbool, M. R. Asi and S. Aslam “Determination of pesticide residues in brinjal fruit at supervised trial”, J. Anim. Pl. Sci. 17(1-2), 2007.