Management of Anxiety in Pre-Operative CABG Clients
Keywords:
Coronary Heart Disease, Anxiety Management, Benson’s Relaxation, Coronary Artery, Bypass GraftingAbstract
Anxiety and stress affect cardiac functions leading to the development of various heart diseases including Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) where cholesterol build-up leads to coronary artery occlusion causing angina, cardiac arrest and possible death. Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG) is a surgical procedure to treat CAD in severe cases. This study aims to employ psychological intervention to reduce anxiety in pre-operative CABG patients. A case-control study measuring anxiety levels was conducted in 30 participants. They received psychological interventions and their anxiety levels were determined by administering HAM-A rating scales pre and post assessment prior to surgery. The intervention group had better prognosis and recovery after CABG than the control group who received no psychological intervention. Reduction in anxiety pre-surgery leads to a better outcome.
References
Benson, H., Beary, J,F, & Carol, M.P. (1974). The relaxation response.
Psychiatry 1974, 37, 37-45. Coping With Feelings. (2007, 2008). American Heart.org. and American Heart Association. Cited athttp://www.americanheart.org/presenter.jhtml?identifier=3047697
Dath, S. (1993). Behavioral intervention in coronary heart disease. Unpublished M.Phil. Dissertation submitted to NIMHANS, Bangalore University, Bangalore, India.
Dembroski, M. (1989). Components of hostility as predictors of sudden death and myocardial infarction in multiple risk factor intervention trial; Psychosomatic Medicine, 51, 514-522.
Dehdari, T., Heidarnia, A., Ramezankhani, A., Sadeghian, S., & Ghofranipour, F. (2009). Effects of progressive muscular relaxation training on quality of life in anxious patients after coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Indian Journal of Medical Research, 129, 603-608.
Dixhoorn, J., Duivenvoorden, J., Staal, A., & Pool, J. (1989). Physical training and relaxation therapy in cardiac rehabilitation assessed through a composite criterion for training outcome. American Heart Journal, 118, 545–552.
Dixhoorn, J., & White, A. (2005). Relaxation therapy for rehabilitation and prevention in ischaemic heart disease: a systematic review and meta- analysis. European Journal of Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation, 12, 193-202.
Fumin, P., Ran W., Aimin, Z., Jiyue, S., Jinghong, M., & Jin, A. (2017). The effect of perioperative psychological intervention on psychological and quality of life in patients with coronary heart disease after CABG. Biomedical Research, Special Issue, S713-S719.
Guo, P., East, L., & Arthur, A.(2012). A preoperative education intervention to reduce anxiety and improve recovery among Chinese cardiac patients: A randomized controlled trial. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 49(2), 129-137.
Hamilton, M. (1959). The assessment of anxiety states by rating. British Journal of Medical psychology, 32, 50-55.
Hattan, J., et al., (2002). The impact of foot massage and guided relaxation following cardiac surgery: a randomized controlled trial. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 37(2), 199-207.
Kawachi, I., Sparrow, D., Vokonas, P. S., & Weiss, S. T. (1994). Symptoms of anxiety and risk of coronary heart disease. The Normative Aging Study. Circulation, 90(5), 2225-2229.
Kivimäki, M., Virtanen, M., Elovainio, M., Kouvonen, A., Väänänen, A., & Vahtera, J. (2006). Work stress in the etiology of coronary heart disease- a meta-analysis. Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment & Health, 32(6), 431-442.
Kovacs, A., Saidi, A., Kuhl, E., Sears, S., Silversides, C., Harrison, J., Ong, L., Colman, J., Oechslin, E., & Nolan R. (2009). Depression and anxiety in adult congenital heart disease: Predictors and prevalence. International Journal of Cardiology, 137(2), 158-164.
Krannich, J.H., Weyers, P., Lueger, S., Herzog, M., Bohrer, T., & Elert, O. (2007). Presence of depression and anxiety before and after coronary artery bypass graft surgery and their relationship to age. BMC Psychiatry, 7(47). doi:10.1186/1471-244X-7-47
Krishnaswami, S. (2002). Prevalence of Coronary artery disease in India. Indian Heart Journal, 54, 103.
Kubzansky, D., & Kawachi, I. (2000). Going to the heart of the matter. Do negative emotions cause coronary heart disease? Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 48, 323- 337.
Lane J., White A., Williams R. (1984). Cardiovascular Effects of Mental Arithmetic in Type A and Type B Female. Society for Psychophysiological Research, 21(1), 39-46.
Leor, J., Poole, W. K., & Kloner, R. A. (1996). Sudden cardiac death triggered by an earthquake. New England Journal of Medicine, 334(7), 413-419.
Mandke, R. (1994). Behavioral intervention in post-operative coronary heart disease patients. Unpublished M. Phil. dissertation, submitted to NIMHANS, Bangalore, India.
Miller, M., & Perry, A. (1990). Relaxation technique and postoperative pain in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. Heart and Lung: The Journal of Critical Care, 19(2), 136-46.
Ornish, D. (1990). Dr. Dean Ornish's program for reversing heart disease. New York: Ballantine Books.
Roest A., Martens E., Jonge P., & Denollet J. (2010). Anxiety and Risk of Incident Coronary Heart Disease, A Meta-Analysis. Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 56(1).
Sabita, R. (1998). Cognitive behavioral intervention in myocardial infarction. Ph.D. thesis submitted to NIMHANS, Bangalore, India.
Sarvotham, G., & Berry, N. (1968). Prevalence of coronary heart disease in an urban population in Northern India. Circulation, 37, 939-952.
Schnall L., Landsbergis A., & Baker D. (1994). Job strain and cardiovascular disease. Annual Review Public Health, 15, 381-411.
Scheier, M. F., Matthews, K. A., Owens, J. F., Magovern, G. J., Lefebvre, R. C., Abbott, R. A., & Carver, C. S. (1989). Dispositional optimism and recovery from coronary artery bypass surgery: The beneficial effects on physical and psychological well-being. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 57(6), 1024-1040.
Shibeshi, W., Young-Xu,Y., & Blatt, C. (2007). Anxiety Worsens Prognosis in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease. Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 49(20).
Singh, K., & Kausik S. (1992). Chronic psychological stressors and stressful life change events among case and control group patients of CHD. Presented at the VI National Annual Conference of Behavioral Medicine Society of India, held at NIMHANS, Bangalore, 28-29.
Surwitt, S., Williams, B., & Shapiro, D. (1982). Behavioral approaches to cardiovascular disease. Academic Press: New York.
Thoresen, C.E. (1990). The recurrent coronary prevention project. Findings at 8 1⁄2 years.Invited paper, First International congress of behavioral medicine, Uppsala, Sweden.
Zhang, Y. (2001). Bad lifestyle habits threaten people’s health. Xinhua news agency. Cited at www.china.org.cn/english/SO-e/22025.html
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2020 Artha Journal of Social Sciences
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
