Gamma Ray Bursts: Fundamentals, Challenges and Insights from Recent Observations
Keywords:
Gamma-rays, X-ray flashes (XRF), Afterglow, Prompt emission, Gamma-ray burst modelsAbstract
In astronomy, gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are some of the most intriguing and enigmatic phenomena. GRBs are the most luminous events in the cosmos, and they are bursts of strong but brief gamma-ray (GR) flashes. GRBs have a highly interesting nature and can last anywhere from a few hundred seconds to a tiny fraction of a second. A GRB produces an afterglow that lasts longer and gradually fades. The discovery of afterglow has brought about a revolution in the area of GRB. We have discussed GRBs and their classifications in this paper. Moreover, we summarized the mechanisms behind the bursts, the features seen, the afterglow, and the fireball model of GRBs. Apart from the fireball model of GRBs, alternative models are also discussed, for example, the accretion model for the long GRBs and the pulsar model used to explain the short GRBs.
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