Women, Displacement and Exclusion: Narratives of Women Affected by Development-Induced Displacement
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12724/ajss.49.5Keywords:
Development Induced displacements, Psychological and Socio-cultural Impact, Bagalkot Dam, Upper Krishna ProjectAbstract
Development Induced displacements are usually accompanied by a „downward spiral of impoverishments‟. They result in widespread psychological and socio-cultural impacts. The worst hits are women and children who are counted among the marginalised segments in these situations. The present paper brings out the narratives of five women displaced during the building of a dam at Almatti in Bagalkot district of northern Karnataka. The thematic analysis reflects the theoretical formulations of risks to which displaced people are exposed and the narratives bring out the deterioration of their living conditions.
References
Cernea, M. M: (1997) The Risks and Reconstruction Model for Resettling Displaced Populations, World Development, 25(10), October, Pergamon Publication, Great Britain.
Chully. A., & Hemalatha, K. (2017). Development induced displacement: Population displacement and mitigation in Bagalkot district. Center for Publications, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bengaluru.
Fernandes, W. (1991). Power and powerless: development projects and displacement of tribals. Social Action, 41(III), 243-70.
Fernandes, W. (1996). India‟s forced displacement policies and practices- is compensation up to its function. Retrieved from onlineministries.creighton.edu.
Fernandes, W., & Anthony Raj, S. (1992). Development, displacement and rehabilitation in the tribal areas of Orissa. Indian Social Institute, New Delhi
Ganguli, N. (2014). Refugee Women in Calcutta (1947-1958). Journal of Internal Displacement, 4(1), 12-27. Ghimire, A. (2011). Rethinking “women” in forced displacement. Refugee Watch, 3, 30-43.
Gubrium, J. F., & Holstein, J. A. (2001). Handbook of interview research: Context and method. Sage Publications.
Guiding Principles of Internal Displacement: (2004). retrived from https://www.unhcr.org/protection/idps/43ce1cff2/guiding-principles-internal-displacement.html, New York: United Nations, UNHCR. Hans, A. (2008). Gender, Camps and International Norms. Refugee Watch, 32, 64-73.
Majidi, N., & Hennion, C. (2014). Resilience in displacement. Journal of Internal Displacement, 4(1), 78-91.
Mehta, L. (2002, September). The double bind: A gender analysis of forced displacement and resettlement. In Conference Paper presented at Conference on Engendering Resettlement and Rehabilitation Policies, India, New Delhi (pp. 12-13).
Modi, R: (2004) Sardar Sarovar Oustees: Coping with Displacement. Economic and Political Weekly, 13, 1123-1126. O‟Neil, (2010). Women and Displacement: A Case Study of Women displaced by Ganga erosion in Malda district of West Bengal in India, Development and Environment: retrived from epc2010.princeton.edu/papers/100534.
Parasuraman, S. (1993). Impact of Displacement by development projects on women in India. Working Paper Series No. 159, Institute of Social Studies, The Hague.
UNFPA Annual Report. (2012). Retrieved from www.unfpa.org/ publications/adding-it-2012
