What Insights Does Service Quality Gap Analysis Offer for the Wellness Tourism Sector in Kerala?

Authors

  • Anju K P Department of Tourism Management, Avinashilingam Institute for Home Science and Higher Education for Women, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
  • Bindu V T Department of Tourism Management, Avinashilingam Institute for Home Science and Higher Education for Women, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.12727/ajts.32.11

Keywords:

Wellness Tourism, Ayurveda, Expectation, Perception, Service Quality, Satisfaction, Kerala

Abstract

The quality of services in tourism is one of the aspects of the industry that has drawn more academic attention. The empirical study on the service quality and satisfaction of the wellness tourism sector is underexplored. The present study empirically examined the expectations and perceptions of service quality in wellness centres, assessed the level of satisfaction of tourists, and identified the factors influencing service quality and satisfaction. The study has been conducted among selected Ayurvedic resorts in Kerala. The data were collected by distributing questionnaires to tourists who had used wellness treatments. The research outcome shows a discrepancy between wellness tourists' expectations and perceptions of service quality. There is a negative gap in the service quality of wellness centres; the perception level of wellness centres is lower than expected. Recommendations to reduce the gap and sustainable business practices have been discussed. Being synonymous with Ayurveda, Kerala serves as a crucial focal point in the tourism industry, and the wellness tourism sector plays a pivotal role in enhancing the state's tourism landscape. Bridging the negative gap in this aspect can significantly boost guest flow and contribute to the overall growth of Kerala's tourism industry. By recognizing the determinants of service quality and implementing sustainable business practices, these resorts can provide tourists with authentic and enriching wellness experiences while conserving the region's cultural and ecological heritage.

Keywords: Wellness tourism, Ayurveda, Expectation, Perception, Service Quality, Satisfaction, Kerala. Sustainable Development.

References

Adriatico, R. L., Razalan, A. M. A., Pagbilao, C. M. V., Afalla, B. T., & Cruz, L. M. D. (2022). Service Quality and Customer Satisfaction in Dining Restaurants: Inputs for Tourism and Hospitality Curriculum Enhancement. Academic Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies, 11(3), 30-30.

Ali, H. Y., Ali, H. F., & Ahmad, M. B. (2019). Difference between Expectations and Perceptions of Students regarding Service Quality of Public sector HEIs. Bulletin of Education and Research, 41(1), 131–146.

Anwar, K. (2017). Analyzing the Conceptual Model of Service Quality and Its Relationship With Guests’ Satisfaction: a Study of Hotels in Erbil. The International Journal of Accounting and Business Society, 25(2), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.ijabs.2017.25.2.01

Bebko, C. P. (2000). Service intangibility and its impact on consumer expectations of service quality. Journal of services marketing, 14(1), 9-26.

Bipithalal B.N. (2019), Heal and Revive: Emerging Trends in Wellness Tourism in Kerala, in “Global Developments in Healthcare and Medical Tourism, IGI Global publishers,

Charak, N. S. (2019). Role of spa resorts in promoting India as a preferred wellness tourism destination–a case of Himalayas. International Journal of Spa and Wellness, 2(1), 53–62. https://doi.org/10.1080/24721735.2019.1668672

Choudhary, B., & Qadir, A. (2022). Wellness tourism in India during the post COVID-19 era: Opportunities and challenges. Turizam, 26(3), 134–143. https://doi.org/10.5937/turizam26-34441

Csirmaz, É., & Pető, K. (2015). International Trends in Recreational and Wellness Tourism. Procedia Economics and Finance, 32(15), 755–762. https://doi.org/10.1016/s2212-5671(15)01458-6

Damijanić, A. T., & Šergo, Z. (2013). Determining Travel Motivations of Wellness Tourism. Ekonomska Misao i Praksa, 1, 3–20.

Dillette, A. K., Douglas, A. C., & Andrzejewski, C. (2021). Dimensions of holistic wellness as a result of international wellness tourism experiences. Current Issues in Tourism, 24(6), 794–810. https://doi.org/10.1080/13683500.2020.1746247

Gamage, D., & Samarathunga, M. (2020). Alternative Tourism as an Alternate to Mass Tourism during the Post-COVID-19 Recovery Phase. Sunday Times (Sri Lanka), 2(July), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.31124/advance.12361301

Gilbert, D., & Clark, M. (1997). An exploratory examination of urban tourism impact, with reference to residents attitudes, in the cities of Canterbury and Guildford. Cities, 14(6), 343–352. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0264-2751(97)00025-5

Goffman, E. (2020). In the wake of COVID-19, is globalization our sustainable future? Sustainability: Science, Practice, and Policy, 16(1), 48–52. https://doi.org/10.1080/15487733.2020.1765678

González-Mansilla, Ó., Berenguer-Contrí, G., & Serra-Cantallops, A. (2019). The impact of value co-creation on hotel brand equity and customer satisfaction. Tourism Management, 75(April), 51–65. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2019.04.024

Guiry, M., & Vequist, D. G. (2011). Traveling abroad for medical care: U.S. medical tourists’ expectations and perceptions of service quality. Health Marketing Quarterly, 28(3), 253–269. https://doi.org/10.1080/07359683.2011.595644

Han, H., Kiatkawsin, K., Jung, H., & Kim, W. (2018). The role of wellness spa tourism performance in building destination loyalty: the case of Thailand. Journal of Travel and Tourism Marketing, 35(5), 595–610. https://doi.org/10.1080/10548408.2017.1376031

Hossain, M. A. (2019). Sustainable Business Innovation model for Manipulating Tactics and Changing Consumer Behavior: Based on Mobile Phone Operators in Bangladesh. Journal of International Business and Economics, 7(2). https://doi.org/10.15640/jibe.v7n2a3

Jones, J. L., & Shandiz, M. (2015). Service quality expectations: Exploring the importance of SERVQUAL dimensions from different nonprofit constituent groups. Journal of Nonprofit & Public Sector Marketing, 27(1), 48-69.

Kazakov, S., & Oyner, O. (2021). Wellness tourism: a perspective article. Tourism Review, 76(1), 58–63. https://doi.org/10.1108/TR-05-2019-0154

Koncul, N. (2012). Wellness: A new mode of tourism. Ekonomska Istrazivanja, 25(2), 525–534. https://doi.org/10.1080/1331677X.2012.11517521

Kozak, M., & Rimmington, M. (2000). Tourist satisfaction with Mallorca, Spain, as an off-season holiday destination. Journal of Travel Research, 38(3), 260–269. https://doi.org/10.1177/004728750003800308

Kumar, G. S. (2019). Status and Growth of Wellness Tourism in India. The International Journal of Analytical and Experimental Modal Analysis, XI(XII), 2332–2340.

Liao, C., Zuo, Y., Xu, S., Law, R., & Zhang, M. (2023). Dimensions of the health benefits of wellness tourism: A review. Frontiers in Psychology, 13(January), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1071578

Manhas, P. S., & Kour, P. (2020). Holistic Approach to Wellness–A Case Study of Himalayas. Holistic Approach to Wellness–A Case Study of Himalayas, October. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781529710854

Manhas, P. S., Charak, N. S., & Sharma, P. (2019). Wellness and spa tourism: finding space for Indian Himalayan spa resorts. International Journal of Spa and Wellness, 2(3), 135-153.

Manju, T. K. (2023). Benefits of Ayurveda Health Tourism: An Exploratory Study on Health Tourists Visiting South Kerala. IITM Journal of Business Studies, 11(1), 96-106.

Marković, S., Lončarić, D., & Lončarić, D. (2014). Service quality and customer satisfaction in the healthcare industry-towards the health tourism market. Tourism and hospitality management, 20(2), 155-170.

Mishra, D. N., & Panda, R. K. (2021). How delightful is Indian wellness tourism? A netnographic study. Advances in Hospitality and Tourism Research, 9(1), 132–156. https://doi.org/10.30519/ahtr.784232

Meneses, R. W., & Larkin, M. (2012). Edith Stein and the contemporary psychological study of empathy. Journal of Phenomenological Psychology, 43(2), 151-184.

Mondal, M. R. (2020). Tourism as a livelihood development strategy: a study of Tarapith Temple Town, West Bengal. Asia-Pacific Journal of Regional Science, 4(3), 795–807. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41685-020-00164-6

Mondal, S., & Samaddar, K. (2021). Responsible tourism towards sustainable development: literature review and research agenda. Asia Pacific Business Review, 27(2), 229–266. https://doi.org/10.1080/13602381.2021.1857963

Mueller, H., & Kaufmann, E. L. (2001). Wellness tourism: Market analysis of a special health tourism segment and implications for the hotel industry. Journal of Vacation Marketing, 7(1), 5–17. https://doi.org/10.1177/135676670100700101

Muralidhar, S., & Karthikeyan, P. (2016). Ayurvedic Tourism in India: Practices and Policies. Asian Journal of Research in Social Sciences and Humanities, 6(6), 1043. https://doi.org/10.5958/2249-7315.2016.00264.1

Myers, J. E., Sweeney, T. J., & Witmer, J. M. (2000). The wheel of wellness counseling for wellness: A holistic model for treatment planning. Journal of counseling & development, 78(3), 251-266.

Nel-lo Andreu, M. G., Font-Barnet, A., & Espasa Roca, M. (2021). Wellness tourism-new challenges and opportunities for tourism in Salou. Sustainability (Switzerland), 13(15), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13158246

Parasuraman, A., Zeithaml, V. A., & Berry, L. L. (2009). Model Service Its Quality and Implications for Future. 49(4), 41–50.

Park, H., Lee, M., & Back, K. J. (2021). Exploring the roles of hotel wellness attributes in customer satisfaction and dissatisfaction: application of Kano model through mixed methods. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 33(1), 263–285. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJCHM-05-2020-0442

Park, J., & Jeong, E. B. (2019). Service quality in tourism: A systematic literature review and keyword network analysis. Sustainability (Switzerland), 11(13), 1–21. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11133665

Romão, J., Seal, P. P., Hansen, P., Joseph, S., & Piramanayagam, S. (2022). Stakeholder-based conjoint analysis for branding wellness tourism in Kerala, India. Asia-Pacific Journal of Regional Science, 6(1), 91–111. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41685-021-00218-3

Richard, E. M., Bupp, C. P., & Alzaidalsharief, R. G. (2016). Supervisor empathy moderates the negative effects of customer injustice. Emotions and Organizational Governance, 12, 117-140.

Silvestri, C., Aquilani, B., & Ruggieri, A. (2017). Service quality and customer satisfaction in thermal tourism. TQM Journal, 29(1), 55–81. https://doi.org/10.1108/TQM-06-2015-0089

Subashini, R., & Gopalsamy, V. (2016). A review of service quality and customer satisfaction in banking services: Global scenario. Journal of Internet Banking and Commerce, 21(Special Issue 5).

Surahman, I. G. N., Yasa, P. N. S., & Wahyuni, N. M. (2020). The Effect of Service Quality on Customer Loyalty Mediated by Customer Satisfaction in Tourism Villages in Badung Regency. Jurnal Ekonomi & Bisnis JAGADITHA, 7(1), 46–52. https://doi.org/10.22225/jj.7.1.1626.46-52

Telej, E., & Gamble, J. R. (2019). Yoga wellness tourism: a study of marketing strategies in India. Journal of Consumer Marketing, 36(6), 794–805. https://doi.org/10.1108/JCM-07-2018-2788

Thanuskodi, D.S., & Naseehath, S. (2016). A Webometric Analysis of Medical Tourism Websites in Kerala, in proceedings

UCDAVIS, Student Health and Counseling service, https://shcs.ucdavis.edu. Accessed on 20th May 2024.

Wen, J., Kozak, M., Yang, S., & Liu, F. (2021). COVID-19: potential effects on Chinese citizens’ lifestyle and travel. Tourism Review, 76(1), 74–87. https://doi.org/10.1108/TR-03-2020-0110

Wieseke, J., Geigenmüller, A., & Kraus, F. (2012). On the role of empathy in customer employee interactions. Journal of Service Research, 15(3), 316-331.

Wong, J. C. H. (2002). Service quality measurement in a medical imaging department. International Journal of Health Care Quality Assurance, 15(5), 206–212. https://doi.org/10.1108/09526860210437421

Wu, C. H. J. (2007). The impact of customer-to-customer interaction and customer homogeneity on customer satisfaction in tourism service-The service encounter prospective. Tourism Management, 28(6), 1518–1528. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2007.02.002

Yoon, Y., & Uysal, M. (2005). An examination of the effects of motivation and satisfaction on destination loyalty: A structural model. Tourism Management, 26(1), 45–56. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2003.08.016

Downloads

Published

2024-07-10

How to Cite

Anju K P, & V T, B. (2024). What Insights Does Service Quality Gap Analysis Offer for the Wellness Tourism Sector in Kerala?. Atna Journal of Tourism Studies, 19(2), 265 - 290. https://doi.org/10.12727/ajts.32.11